弥漫性恶性间皮瘤日常护理指南

一、基础生活护理

1. 症状管理

• 监测疼痛、呼吸困难、疲劳等症状变化

• 记录咳嗽、胸痛或腹部不适的频率和强度

• 注意体重减轻、食欲下降等全身性症状

2. 环境调整

• 保持室内空气清新，避免烟雾和粉尘

• 使用加湿器缓解呼吸道不适

• 确保休息区域安静舒适

二、疼痛与不适管理

1. 疼痛控制

• 遵医嘱使用止痛药物，按时服药

• 采用非药物方法如热敷、按摩或放松技巧

• 记录疼痛日记，包括时间、部位和触发因素

2. 呼吸支持

• 使用氧气疗法 if prescribed

• 练习深呼吸和肺功能锻炼

• 避免 strenuous activities that worsen breathlessness

三、营养支持

1. 饮食建议

• 选择高蛋白、高热量食物以维持体重

• 少量多餐，减轻消化负担

• 补充维生素和矿物质，咨询营养师

2. hydration

• 确保充足 fluid intake，预防脱水

• 监测尿量和颜色

• 避免 alcohol and caffeine if advised

四、心理与情感支持

1. 情绪 coping

• 鼓励表达 feelings，寻求 counseling if needed

• 参与支持 groups for cancer patients

• practice mindfulness or meditation

2. 家庭 involvement

• involve family members in care and decision-making

• educate caregivers on symptom recognition

• maintain open communication

五、医疗护理与监测

1. treatment adherence

• follow chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery plans as directed

• attend all medical appointments

• report side effects promptly to healthcare team

2. 并发症预防

• watch for signs of infection, such as fever

• monitor for blood clots or other treatment-related issues

• keep emergency contacts handy

六、特殊注意事项

1. palliative care

• consider hospice or palliative services for advanced stages

• focus on quality of life and comfort measures

2. legal and financial planning

• discuss advance directives and wills

• seek assistance with medical bills and insurance

七、护理效果评估

1. 定期评估

• track symptom progression and response to treatment

• have regular scans and blood tests as scheduled

2. 调整护理计划

• adapt care based on changing needs and doctor's advice

• involve multidisciplinary team for comprehensive care

重要提示：

1. 护理需个体化，根据病情阶段调整

2. 及时与医疗团队沟通任何变化

3. prioritize comfort and dignity in advanced disease

通过全面护理，可以帮助管理症状、提高生活质量，并与医疗治疗协同工作。